at, in, on, by和through在表示时间上的区别

at, in, on, by和through在表示时间上的区别

1. at指时间表示: (1)时间的一点、时刻等。如: They came home at sunrise (at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn). (2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如: He went home at Christmas (at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night).

2. in指时间表示: (1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。如: in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc

(2)在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时,谓语动词为瞬间动词,意为“在……以后”。如: He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时,in意为“在……以内”。如: These products will be produced in a month. 注意:after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后,但其后的时间是“一点”,而不是“一段”。如: He will arrive after two o’clock.

3. on指时间表示: (1)具体的时日和一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等。如: On Christmas Day(On May 4th), there will be a celebration.

(2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如: He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th.

(3)准时,按时。如: If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark.

4. by指时间表示: (1)不迟于,在(某时)前。如: He will come by six o’clock. Jack had made some friends by the time you came.

(2)在……间,在……的时候。如: He worked by day and slept by night.

5. through指时间意为“从……开始到结束”,此时与throughout相同。如: We work hard all through the year.

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